"预约/随需"充放电服务模式下电动汽车聚合商服务策略

现有充放电服务模式研究中,电动汽车聚合商大多依托用户时移灵活性进行充放电引导,未从用户入网规律性角度考虑。基于此,文章提出“预约/随需”充放电服务模式,以服务预约的方式提前锁定入网规律性用户的充电需求,从而提升电动汽车聚合商的引导效果。首先梳理了“预约/随需”服务业务流程;其次从用户服务角度出发,综合经济影响及便利影响两方面,以最大化用户效用为目标,构建各类用户的最优服务购买策略,分析用户购买意愿;最后从电动汽车聚合商的角度出发,构建基于效用的用户服务选择行为分析模型,帮助其把握不同用户选择的影响,并模拟主从博弈过程进行定价寻优,构建价格引导策略。算例结果表明,相较于现有单一服务模式,“预约/随需”服务模式不仅提升了用户服务质量,而且也节约了电动汽车聚合商的购电成本。

Service Strategy of EV Aggregator under the "Reservation/On-demand Charging" and Discharging Service Mode

Since the current research on charging and discharging service mode only considers EV load guidance from the perspective of time-shifting, a “reservation/on-demand” mode is established incorporating the consideration of the regularity of users’ grid-access behaviors. In this mode, electric vehicle aggregator (EVA) can predict the charging needs of users with regular grid-access behaviors through service reservations, thereby improving the guidance effect of EVAs. Firstly, the business process of “reservation/on-demand” service is elaborated. Secondly, considering the comprehensive economic effect and convenience effect, with the goal of maximizing user’s utility, the EVAs can construct optimal service purchase strategies for various users and analyze purchase intentions. Finally, from the perspective of EVA, this paper constructs a utility-based user service selection behavior analysis model to help EVA grasp the influence of different user choices, and uses the Stackelberg game method to process EVA price guidance strategy. Analysis shows that, compared with the existing simplistic service model, the “reservation/on-demand” service mode can not only improve service quality, but also further reduce the power purchase cost of EVA.