PAAM高吸水树脂的土壤保水性能

以不同河砂/泥土比例混配不同质地土壤,研究了聚(丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺)高吸水树脂(PAAM)用量在自来水和0.9%NaCl溶液中对土壤保水能力的影响。发现自然蒸发条件下,PAAM树脂施用量为5g/kg时,使河砂/泥土=10∶0,5∶5,3∶7,0∶10四种质地土壤在自来水中保水率降至30%的时间与对照组相(无PAAM)比分别延长了560,445,360,350h;使河砂/泥土=10∶0,7∶3,5∶5,3∶7,0∶10五种质地土壤在自来水中饱和含水率分别提高4.5,2.6,2.2,1.6,1.2倍。该树脂临界用量为5g/kg能显著改善土壤团粒结构,满足实际使用要求;在0.9%NaCl溶液中吸液倍率明显降低,在盐碱地区施用后对土壤保水和蓄水能力提高不大,更适合施用于砂质土壤中而不适用于在高盐碱地区使用。

Water Retention Capacity of Soil for High Absorbing Water Resin of PAAM

The effect of different mass of poly (acrylic acid-acrylamide) superabsorbent (PAAM) on water retention capacity of soil in tap water and 0.9%NaCl aqueous solution was investigated at different ratios of river sand/soil. The results have shown that the times of decreasing the water retention ratios by 30% relative to the comparative experiments (no PAAM) in tape water have prolonged for another 560 h, 445h, 360h and 350h for four different ratios of the river sand and soil: 10:0, 5:5, 3:7 and 0:10, when the using mass of PAAM is 5g per kg soil under the natural evaporation conditions. The equilibrium absorbencies of soil in tap water are increased by 4.5, 2.6, 2.2, 1.6and 1.2 multiple for five different ratios of the river sand and soil: 10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7 and 0:10. When the critical using mass of the PAAM is 5g per kg soil, the granular structure of the soil can be improved obviously and the applying require can be satisfied. However, the absorbency of PAAM in 0.9% NaCl solution is greatly reduced and the increasing water retention capacities are small when PAAM is used in the areas of saline-alkali soil. And the PAAM is suit for use in the areas of the sandy soil while it is not suit for use in the areas of high saline-alkali soil.