废菌渣基微/中孔活性炭的制备与结构表征

利用微波与碱液的协同作用脱除废菌渣中的含氮物质，脱氮后的滤渣用于制备活性炭，旨在减少氮氧化物排放，实现废菌渣的清洁化利用。分别以碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值为目标，采用响应面法（Box-Behnken）得到两种孔径活性炭的定向制备条件。①微孔活性炭：活化时间1h，活化温度425℃，ZnCl₂质量分数20%，浸渍比1：3.85。产品的碘吸附值为884.76mg/g，平均孔径为1.83nm。②中孔活性炭：活化时间2h，活化温度600℃，ZnCl₂质量分数30%，浸渍比1：4。产品的亚甲基蓝吸附值为448.65mg/g，平均孔径为3.15nm。利用扫描电镜、红外光谱等手段对活性炭结构进行表征，发现在活性炭表面形成了大量的表面官能团，包括羧基、羟基、内酯基等。

Preparation and characterization of micro/mesoporous activated carbon from denitrided residue of waste penicillin mycelium

Waste penicillin mycelium (WPM) was treated by microwave hydrolysis in alkali condition to remove nitrogenous materials, the residue was used to prepare activated carbon, realizing clean utilization. Response surface methodology(Box-Behnken)was used to obtain micro-pore dominated activated carbon and meso-pore dominated activated carbon, with iodine number and methylene adsorption being the objective respectively. The optimal conditions for micro-pore dominated activated carbon are:activation time 1h, activation temperature 425℃, ZnCl₂ 20% and impregnation ratio 1:3.85. The iodine adsorption of the activated carbon is 884.76 mg/g, with average pore size of 1.83 nm. As for the preparation of meso-pore dominated activated carbon, the optimal conditions are:activation time 2h, activation temperature 600℃, ZnCl₂ 30% and impregnation ratio 1:4. In this case, the methylene adsorption of activated carbon is 448.65 mg/g, with average pore size of 3.15nm. The structure of activated carbon was characterized by SEM and FTIR, indicating that the functional groups on the surface of the activated carbon are mainly carboxyl, hydroxyl and lactones.