相变蓄能-热泵多能互补供能系统冬季性能分析

研发了一种新型相变蓄能-热泵多能互补供能系统，该系统冬季可利用水结冰过程释放的潜热作为水源热泵的低温热源，再通过空气能融冰将热量储存于蓄能水箱中，可使系统保持较高的运行性能，同时解决了传统空气源热泵结霜问题。本实验对相变取能供暖、融冰蓄能及空气能直接供暖3种冬季运行模式进行实际测试及理论分析。结果表明，相变取能供暖模式下，平均机组性能系数（COP）达2.80，系统COP达2.10；融冰蓄能模式下，蓄能水箱循环载冷剂进出口温差维持在2℃左右，融冰时长为7h；空气能供暖模式下，平均机组COP达2.73，系统COP达1.93。系统性能在3种运行模式下较为稳定，性能较好。同时对系统节能量、CO₂减排量及经济性进行了分析。该综合供能系统节能减排效果较为显著，为寒冷地区的农村建筑采暖、"京津冀"煤改电政策的实际推广，提供了新的技术方案。

A novel phase-change energy storage-heat pump multi-complementary energy system operation performance in winter

A setup of a novel phase-change energy storage-heat pump, multi-complementary energy system was developed. Latent heat, as the low-temperature heat source, could be utilized when the water froze. Subsequently, the heat from the air could be stored in the water tank by heat exchange with ice until the water temperature was closed to the ambient temperature. This way could make the system perform better, and solve the frosting problem of traditional air source heat pump. The system performance in phase transformation heating mode, melting ice storage energy mode and air heating mode, was tested and analyzed. The results showed that the average heat pump COP in phase transformation heating mode was 2.80 with system COP of 2.10. For melting ice storage energy mode, it was maintained at about 2℃ temperature difference between inlet and outlet of circulating refrigerant in the storage tank, and the time for melting ice was 7h. Average heat pump COP in air heating mode was 2.73, and system COP was 1.93. The system performance was stable under the three operation modes. Meanwhile, the amount of system energy-saving and CO₂ emission reduction were calculated, and economy was analyzed. The effect on energy-saving was more significant. The comprehensive energy system could provide a new technical way for the heating of rural buildings heating in cold regions and actual application of "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei" coal-to-electricity policy.