张拉荷载下全长粘结锚杆工作机理试验研究

三峡水久船闸闸室的高、薄混凝土衬砌墙由高强结构锚杆与闸室岩体联结，单根锚杆在工程运行期所受最大张拉荷载可能达到600kN，薄混凝土衬砌墙能否提供足够的锚固力，以及混凝土的受力和破坏状态如何，是工程中非常关心的问题。以三峡工程问题的现场试验为依托，在回答工程问题的同时，着重讨论了在受张拉荷载作用下全长粘结锚杆的工作机理，指出了锚杆在轴向受拉过程中，受锚杆螺纹的影响，锚杆与粘结介质之间将产生法向剪胀变形，对产提高锚杆的锚固力具有特别重要的意义。还对全长粘结锚杆的设计理论、提高锚固效果的措施进行了讨论。

TESTING STUDY ON WORKING MECHANISM OF FULL GROUTING BOLT UNDER TENSILE LOAD

High and thin concrete liner on the wall of chambers is connected to rock mass with high strength construct bolt in permanent shiplocks at the Three Gorges Project. During the operation,the maximum tensile load may be up to 600 kN for single bolt. It is a considerable problem whether concrete can bear the load or not,and what the stress state and possible failure will be. Based on the field testing results,the answer is presented for these problems and the working mechanism of full grouting bolt also discussed. It is pointed out that normal dilated deformation would appear on the interface between cohering medium and bolt because of the screw thread. It is of special effect on ensuring and enhancing bond force. Meanwhile,the design theory for grouting bolt and measures for increasing bond force are discussed.