Serum Level of MMP-3 and MMP-9 in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Infected with Epstein-Barr Virus

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) has recently become one of the most important health problems in the world. Patients with DM2 with long-term glycaemia are more likely to become infected than the healthy population. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in tissue remodeling during various physiological processes. However, it has been reported that certain MMPs are overexpressed during the development of various human diseases. In this study, we analyzed the levels of MMP-3 and MMP-9 in the serum of DM2 patients with and without Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The study included 115 patients with DM2 hospitalized in the Internal Ward of the Masovian Specialist Hospital in Radom, Poland, who were divided into two groups: EBV-positive and EBV-negative. The levels of MMP-3 and MMP-9 were tested in the serum of patients using the ELISA method, while the presence of EBV in saliva was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The presented studies showed a significant difference in the concentration of both MMPs in diabetic patients additionally infected with EBV compared to the group of non-infected individuals. It seems that MMPs may be useful biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of diabetes associated with EBV infection.