城镇居民生活用水的计量经济学分析与应用实例

价格是影响用水的最主要因素之一。本文应用入户调查的数据，应用计量经济学方法分析了深圳市城镇居民生活用水的价格弹性和收入弹性；计算了假设的水价调整方案对深圳市城镇居民生活需水的影响，并提出了对深圳市水价调整的建议。分析结果表明，深圳特区内、外在用水行为和价格对用水的影响方面存在明显的差别，目前深圳的阶梯水价设置不合理；价格可以作为调整深圳水资源供需关系的有效手段；为了有效控制用水的快速增加，应同时调整价格水平和阶梯。

Econometric analysis and application on urban household water use

The price elasticity and income elasticity of urban household water demand in Shenzhen are analyzed by applying econometric method according to the in-house investigation data. On this basis, The effects of different water tariff regulation scenarios are studied and the regulation policy of water tariff in the Shenzhen City is suggested. The analysis results indicate that the water use behavior and the influence of tariff on water demand are in significant difference between economic development zone and out of the economic development zone, the current block water tariff is unreasonable. The water tariff can be applied as an effective method to regulate the water supply and demand. In order to control the fast growth of water demand it is necessary to regulate the tariff and change the blocks setting at the same time .