凹凸棒土增强EVA/NBR阻燃复合材料的性能研究

以氢氧化镁（MH）和红磷（RP）为阻燃剂（FR）制备了乙烯醋酸乙烯共聚物/丁腈橡胶(EVA/NBR)阻燃复合材料，并将凹凸棒土（AT）引入到EVA/NBR阻燃复合材料中，以提高其力学性能、耐油性、燃烧性能及热稳定性。结果表明，含有10 份（质量份，下同）AT的阻燃复合材料，其拉伸强度为10.4 MPa，断裂伸长率为627.1 %；浸油后拉伸强度变化率从-29.3 %降低到-13.2 %，断裂伸长率变化率从-25.2 %降低到-8.6 %，且质量增大变化率从10.7 %降低到3.4 %；极限氧指数达到了32.2 %，UL 94垂直燃烧从无等级提高到V 0级；700 ℃时残炭量从29.3 %提高到35.6 %；浸油前后断面观察发现，加入AT后阻燃复合材料的断面更加致密。

Performace of Flame Retardant EVA/NBR Composites Reinforced by Attapulgites

EVA/NBR/FR composites containing magnesium hydroxide (MH) and red phosphorus (RP) as flame retardants were prepared. Attapulgite (AT) was used to improve the mechanical properties, oil resistance, flammability, and thermal stability of the composites. It showed that upon introductiing 10 phr AT, the tensile strength and elongation at break reached 10.4 MPa and 627.1 %, respectively. The mass was increased only 3.4　% after oil immersed at 40 ℃ for 72 hours; the limited oxygen index value reached 32.2, and UL 94 level was improved from no rating to V 0; the residual char was increased from 29.3 % to 35.6 % in TG at 700 ℃. The morphology of cryogenically fractured surface before and after oil immersion were observed using SEM. It was found that the fractured surfaces became more compact after the addition of AT.