供水管网爆管水力学模型与爆管定位

针对城市供水系统爆管监控定位困难问题,采用加权最小误差法,建立基于监视控制和数据采集系统（SCADA）的监测资料与低压供水模型相结合的管网爆管水力学模型,并应用该模型对某市的爆管漏水量的估算和爆管后城市供水压力进行了分析,模型预测的漏水量与现场调查资料基本一致.爆管前后实时监测资料显示：有2/3的区域受到了爆管的影响，爆管后在爆管点附近压差增加,爆管点反方向压差减小.通过对某市实际爆管的定位分析研究表明，利用压差或水力坡降的变化进行实时爆管初步定位和报警是可行的.

Pipe burst hydraulic model of water distribution system and pipe burst location

A pipe burst hydraulic model of water distribution system was developed which involved the pressure dependent demand model and the information from supervisory control and data acquisition system（SCADA）aiming at the problems including the pipe burst detection and location. The model utilizes the minimum head error to estimate the water loss at the bursting point. This model was applied to analyze a real pipe burst event at a certain city. The loss estimation agreed with the on-the-spot investigation well. Meanwhile the water distribution system state was solved both before and after the burst event, and the result showed that 2/3 area was affected by the pipe bursting event. The monitored result from SCADA showed that the differential pressure increased around the bursting point, and it decreased at the reverse direction of the bursting point. The results demonstrate that the change of the monitored differential pressure or the hydraulic gradient is vital for identifying the burst location.