煤矸石基免烧砖制备工艺及力学性能研究

为了有效地提高煤矸石资源化利用水平，针对抚顺矿区的煤矸石资源，在分析其化学成分和矿物组成基础上，采用煤矸石作为主要原料，辅以水泥、天然砂、粉煤灰及添加剂研究制备免烧砖。通过调整原料配比和成型压力，研究不同制备条件下免烧砖的微观结构特征和物理性能差异，如密度、含水率、抗压强度和抗折强度。通过正交试验获得优化原料质量配比和工艺参数分别为:东舍场煤矸石40%，天然砂42%；西舍场煤矸石70%，天然砂12%；汪良舍场煤矸石50%，天然砂32%；其它相同参数分别为粉煤灰5.14%、水泥12.86%、减水剂0.05%、水10%，成型压力20 MPa，常温养护28 d。获得的煤矸石基免烧砖性能符合JC/T 422—2007《非烧结垃圾尾砖》MU25标准要求，其中最高抗压强度和抗折强度分别为52.70 MPa和4.93 MPa。 

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Non-burning Bricks with Coal Gangue as Main Raw Materials

In order to improve the utilization level of coal gangue resources, non-burning bricks had been prepared in this work with coal gangue in Fushun area as main raw materials and cement, natural sand, fly ash and additives as supplementary materials based on the analysis of chemical composition and mineral composition of coal gangue. The differences in microstructure characteristics and physical properties of non-burning bricks were investigated under different preparation conditions, such as density, moisture content, compressive strength and flexural strength. After the orthogonal experiment, an optimized raw material ratio and process parameters were obtained: coal gangue of Dongshe yard 40%, natural sand 42%; coal gangue of Xishe yard 70%, natural sand 12%; coal gangue of Wangliangshe yard 40%, natural sand 32%. The rest same parameters were as follows: fly ash 5.14% cement 12.86%, superplasticizer 0.05%, water 10%, molding pressure 20 MPa, curing at room temperature for 28 days. The obtained coal gangue-based bricks were in compliance with the MU15 standard of JC/T 422—2007 "non-burning waste tail bricks", wherein the highest compressive strength was 52.70 MPa and flexural strength was 4.93 MPa, respectively.