大豆油吸附脱色过程氯离子含量变化及对脱臭油中 3-氯丙醇酯和缩水甘油酯的影响

参照土壤中氯离子检测方法,对常见油脂脱色吸附剂中氯离子的超声提取时间进行优化,并对其氯离子含量进行检测。利用常见的吸附剂对大豆油进行吸附脱色,检测吸附脱色前后油脂中氯离子含量,对不同吸附剂脱色后的油脂进行蒸馏脱臭,检测脱臭油中3-氯丙醇酯(3-MCPD酯)和缩水甘油酯(GEs)含量,分析研究不同吸附剂对油脂吸附脱色过程氯离子含量的影响以及对脱臭油中3-MCPD酯和GEs的影响。结果表明:吸附剂中氯离子的最佳超声提取时间为30 min,10个吸附剂样品中氯离子含量为11. 93～187. 881 mg/kg,差异很大;几种吸附剂在油脂吸附脱色过程对氯离子有不同程度的脱除作用,其中脱除效果最好的YS-900活性炭能使油脂中氯离子含量降低83. 21%。对比未进行吸附脱色处理的大豆油,经吸附脱色的大豆油再经脱臭后3-MCPD酯与GEs生成量均有所降低,并且随吸附过程氯离子降低幅度不同,脱臭油中3-MCPD酯与GEs生成量不同:当脱色油中氯离子含量降幅较小时,经脱臭过程GEs生成量明显低于3-MCPD酯;当脱色油中氯离子含量降幅很大时,经脱臭过程3-MCPD酯的生成量低于GEs。以同时降低脱臭过程3-MCPD酯和GEs的生成量为目标,H-2活性炭作为吸附剂是最好的。

Change of chloride ion content in the process of soybean oil adsorption bleaching and its effect on 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol esters and glycidyl esters in deodorized oil

According to the chloride ion detection method in soil, the ultrasonic extraction time of chloride ion in common adsorbents for oil bleaching was optimized, and the chloride ion content was detected. The soybean oil was bleached with common adsorbents, and the contents of chlorine ion in the oil before and after bleaching were detected. The deodorization treatment of the bleached oil obtained with different adsorbents was carried out, and the contents of 3-monochloro-1, 2-propanediol esters (3-MCPD esters) and glycidylesters (GEs)in the deodorized oil were also determined. The effects of different adsorbents on the chloride ion contents of bleached oil and on the contents of 3-MCPD esters and GEs in the deodorized oil were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal ultrasonic extraction time was 30 min, the chloride ion content in the ten common adsorbents was 11.93-187.881 mg/kg, and the difference was significant. Different adsorbents also had different degrees of removing chloride ions during the process of oil adsorption bleaching. Among them, YS-900 activated carbon with the best removal effect could reduce the chloride ion in the oil by 83.21%. Compared with the soybean oil which was not subjected to bleaching, the bleached oil was deodorized, and the production amounts of 3-MCPD ester and GEs reduced. Moreover, when the degree of decrease of chloride ion was different after adsorption bleaching, the production of 3-MCPD ester and GEs formation in the deodorized oil were different. When the chloride ion content in bleached oils decreased slightly, the production of GEs in deodorized oils was significantly lower than that of 3-MCPD ester; when the chloride ion content in bleached oils decreased significantly, the production of 3-MCPD ester in deodorized oils was lower than that of GEs. The H-2 activated carbon was the best choice for reducing 3-MCPD ester and GEs production in deodorized oil.