滨海环境颗粒物对分散溢油表面性质的影响

用室内实验模拟海洋环境的方法，研究了在不同颗粒物浓度和粒径、海水盐度以及pH值条件下，加入不同种类的颗粒物对胜利原油表面性质的影响；同时制备石油 悬浮颗粒物凝聚体(OSAs)，并测定凝聚体中油滴平均粒径的大小。结果表明:随着悬浮颗粒物浓度的增加和颗粒物粒径的减小，油 水界面张力和Zeta电位逐渐减小；在加入不同颗粒物条件下油 水界面张力、Zeta电位和油滴粒径均随着海水盐度的增加而减小，加入高岭土时达到最小，分别为02 mN/m、-347 mV和86 μm；油 水界面张力随pH值的增加先减小后增大，Zeta电位随pH值的增加先增大后减小，油 水界面张力最低值和Zeta电位最高值均在pH值为7~8时达到；消油剂和颗粒物共同作用条件下，油 水界面张力、Zeta电位和油滴粒径可分别降低至01 mN/m、-191 mV和19 μm。

Effect of Different Particulate Matters on Surface Properties of Dispersed Oil Droplets

Under different conditions (eg, different sediment concentrations and sizes, salinity and pH values of the seawater, etc), effects of different particulate matters (ie, kaoline, bentonite and sediment) on the surface properties of Shengli crude oil were investigated. The oil suspended particulate matter aggregates (OSAs) were prepared and the average size of the oil droplets in the OSAs was measured. Experimental results indicated that both of oil water interfacial tension (IFT) and Zeta potential decrease when particulate concentration and size increase. The oil water IFT, Zeta potential and droplet size all decrease with the increase of seawater salinity. When kaoline is added, the above measured minimum value can be 02 mN/m, -347 mV and 86 μm correspondingly. With increasing water pH value, the oil water IFT decreases initially and then increases, but the Zeta potential increases in the beginning and then decreases. When pH value is between 7-8, the minimum value of IFT and the maximum value of Zeta potential can be reached. When the oil dispersant is added with the particulate, the oil water IFT, Zeta potential and oil droplet size can be reduced to 01 mN/m, -191 mV and 19 μm, correspondingly.