火炮身管超声导波频散特性及传感器配置

超声导波检测技术具有检测距离远、效率高的优点,适用于检测火炮身管等圆管类结构,具有突出的军事应用价值和前景。首先对圆管超声导波理论进行推导,并对身管损伤的几种常见类型进行分析研究。采用数值计算的方法绘制频散曲线,通过分析其频散特性对导波检测频率进行优选,初步得到了最佳的检测频率范围;其次着重对传感器种类选择、数量及分布方式与导波传播特性的关系进行研究。实验表明,导波检测的最佳频率范围为0～300 kHz,且导波弯曲模态一般不宜作为检测模态;传感器数量的增加不仅增强了激励信号的强度,还有效抑制了身管中导波的频散。

Dispersion characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves and sensor configuration in gun barrel

Ultrasonic guided wave detection technology has the advantages of long detection distance and high efficiency. It is very suitable for the detection of round pipe structures such as gun barrel, and has outstanding military application value and prospects. In this paper, the theory of ultrasonic guided wave of circular tube is first deduced, and the basic principle of detection is described with a certain type of gun barrel as the research object. The dispersion curve is plotted by numerical calculation method. The frequency of the guided wave is optimized by analyzing its dispersion characteristics, and the optimal detection frequency range is preliminarily obtained. Secondly, the relationship between the type selection, number and distribution mode of sensors and the guided wave propagation characteristics are studied. Experiments show that the best frequency range for guided wave detection is 0~300kHz, and the guided wave bending mode is generally not suitable for detection mode. The increase in the number of sensors not only enhances the strength of the excitation signal, but also effectively suppresses the dispersion of guided waves in the gun barrel.