充填配比方案优化的正交试验研究

为解决国内某铜矿充填分级尾砂供应量不足，充填料浆离析严重，充填体强度低的问题，应用正交试验展开了充填配比方案优化研究，试验以充填料浆质量浓度、灰砂比和细砂含量作为影响因素，以试块28 d单轴抗压强度、充填料浆泌水率和充填料浆扩散度作为试验指标，运用极差和方差分析法分析影响因素对试验指标影响的敏感性和显著性。试验结果表明：影响试块强度敏感性最强的因素是灰砂比，影响料浆泌水率和料浆扩散度敏感性最强的因素都是浓度；灰砂比对试块强度影响显著，浓度和细砂含量都对料浆泌水率影响显著（其中浓度影响最显著），浓度对料浆扩散度影响显著。最终推荐充填配比方案为充填料浆浓度70%~72%，灰砂比1∶6~1∶8,细砂含量15%~20%；最优充填配比方案为充填料浆浓度72%，灰砂比1∶6，细砂含量15%。

Orthogonal Experimental Study on Optimal Matching Scheme for Backfilling

In order to solve the problems of shortage of backfilling coarse tailings,serious segregation of filling slurry and low strength of the filling body in a copper mine at domestic,investigation on optimal matching scheme based on orthogonal ex-periment was carried out. In this experiment,such factors as filling slurry concentration,cement-aggregate ratio and fine tailings content are taken as the influencing factors and 28 d uniaxial compressive strength,filling slurry bleeding rate and filling slurry diffusion as the research indexes. The range and variance analysis is adopted to analyze the sensitivity and the significance of influencing factors to research indexes. Researches show that the factor of most sensitively affecting backfilling blocks' strength is cement-aggregate ratio,and that the factor of most sensitively affecting filling slurry bleeding rate and filling slurry diffusion is concentration;Cement-aggregate ratio significantly affects backfilling blocks' strength,and concentration and fine aggregate content both significantly affect the filling slurry bleeding rate while concentration affects it most significantly,and concentration significantly affects filling slurry diffusion. At last,the recommended matching scheme in this experiment was filling slurry con-centration of 70% to 72%,cement-aggregate ratio of 1 : 6 to 1 : 8 and fine tailings content of 15% to 20%,and the optimal matching scheme of backfilling was filling slurry concentration of 72%,cement-aggregate ratio of 1 : 6 and fine tailings content of 15%.