缓倾斜破碎矿体回采方案优化与动态调控研究

结合焦家金矿的矿床地质条件与开采工艺，设计了4种回采方案，建立了矿体三维模型，进行模拟计算分析。通过对4种开采方案的变形、应力与塑性区的综合比较发现：在矿体上盘较为破碎的情况下，4种开采方案的顶板变形量相差不多，难以对4种开采方案进行优化评价。从控制矿体顶板应力与降低塑性区体积出发，正三角开采方案较为合适。结合巷道开挖后围岩的应力分布状态，通过运用数理统计的方法，研究分析了采场施工行为对波速的影响。根据超声波速度变异性，建立了基于岩体波速变异性的动态调控方法。从试验数据和采场实际数据分析可知，随着进路的回采，波速频率特性变低，塑性松动区的范围在扩大，围岩稳定性降低，逐渐呈失稳状态。通过在回采过程中引入调控手段，试验采场稳定性良好，从而为回采方案调控提供了一条新途径。

Research on Mining Sequence Optimization and Dynamical Control of Gently Inclined Broken Orebody

According to the geological conditions and mining process of Jiaojia Gold Mine，four kinds of mining schemes were designed，the 3D refined model was established to make simulation analysis.Comparing the deformation，the stress and the plastic zone of the four kinds of mining schemes，it could be concluded that it is difficult to evaluate the four schemes because the deformation of the roof in four schemes is similar in the case that the roof is broken.According to the roof control stress and reducing the volume of plastic zone，triangle mining sequence is more suitable.Combined with the stress distribution of rock surrounding after excavation，the method of mathematical statistics is used to analyze the effect of the stope construction behavior on velocity.According to ultrasonic velocity variability，the dynamic control method was established based on the velocity variability of rock mass.Through the analysis of the experimental data and the actual data in mining field，along with the approach of the mining，wave frequency becomes lower，plastic loosened zone is expanding，the stability of the surrounding rock is reduced gradually and the rock mass comes to the unstable state.By means of dynamical control in the mining process，the test stope's stability was good，and it provided a new way for the optimization of mining sequence.