大红山矿区开采沉陷预计的MapGIS方法

为有效预计矿山开采过程中地表产生的沉陷变形，以大红山铁矿为例，在现场工程地质勘查和变形监测数据收集的基础上，首先根据矿区钻孔数据（钻孔深度、孔口高程、地下水位深度、地层岩性、地层结构及厚度以及地层时代）建立了基础地质数据库；其次分别对地形坡度、地质构造、岩性条件、植被覆盖率、降雨等级、开采面积及深度等开采沉陷影响因素进行了权重赋值；然后根据水平、垂直、曲率变形值，将该矿区地表建筑物受损等级划分为4级，并对各危险等级的处理方法进行了分析；最后基于矿区基础地质数据，采用MapGIS软件构建了矿区开采沉陷预计模型，并对矿区开采沉陷危险性区域进行了划分。研究结果表明：①开采面积及深度的权重值为0.45，可见矿山开采沉陷受该因素的影响最大；②2#矿体地表最大沉降值为431.1 mm，最大水平移动值为125 mm，最大倾斜值为4.95 mm，预计结果与实测值基本吻合；③2#矿体对应的地表沉陷危险等级为Ⅳ级，区内建筑物可能发生结构损坏，需及时采取防范措施。

MapGIS Method of Mining Subsidence Prediction of Dahongshan Mining Area

In order to prediction the surface subsidence and deformation information caused by mining,taking the Da-hongshan iron mine as the research example,based on site engineering geological exploration and collection of the deformation monitoring data,firstly,according to the drilling data in mining area ( drilling depth,drilling hole height,depth of ground water level,stratum lithology,stratum structure and thickness and stratum age) ,the basic geological database is established;then,the mining subsidence influence factors are analyzed from the aspects of terrain slope,geological structure,lithology conditions,veg-etation coverage,mining area and depth,they are assigned weighted values respectively;thirdly,the damaged level of the sur-face buildings in the mining area is divided into four levels based on the horizontal,vertical and curvature deformation values in the mining area;finally,according to the basic geological data,the mining subsidence prediction model is established by adop-ting MapGIS software,the dangerous regions of mining subsidence are divided in the mining area. The research results show that:①the weighted value of mining area and depth is 0. 45,it is indicated that mining area and depth is the most important in-fluence factors of the mining area;②the maximum surface subsidence value of 2# ore-body is 431. 1 mm,the maximum horizon-tal movement value of 2# ore-body is 125 mm,the maximum tilt value of 2# ore-body is 4. 95 mm,the prediction results are con-sistent with the actual measured data in the mining area;③the surface subsidence dangerous level of the 2 # ore-body isⅣ,the building structure may be damaged in the region,therefore,it is necessary to take preventive measures timely.