陕南山地民居的演变与发展

通过对陕南典型聚落秦茂村民居现状的调查,从民居建筑空间模式、墙体构造方面分析了陕南山地传统生土民居演变与发展的过程,指出了民居自发演变的趋势以及原因,对现代乡村民居营建中普遍存在的问题,包括空间布局不合理、构造做法存在结构安全隐患等进行了分析.对民居冬夏室内热环境进行了测试,并采用DOE2.0对典型民居进行了能耗模拟,定量得出生土围护墙体民居冬暖夏凉的生态特性,强调了生土民居的生态价值,为新民居方案以及实现生土民居的可持续发展提出建议.

The changing course and development of the rural houses in mountain area in southern Shaanxi

Based on the field study in Qinmao village and the typical settlement in south Shaanxi, the spontaneous changing course of the rural houses in mountain area is analyzed from building space form and wall construction. The trend and reasons about the spontaneous changes are obtained. The problems about rural houses under the current condition are discussed, including the unreasonable space layout and structure hidden danger. The indoor thermal environment both in winter and summer are measured and energy consumption is simulated using DOE2.0 software. Results show that the rural house with earth-envelopment walls has the ecological properties, which can maintain a balanced indoor thermal environment. The ecological value of earth house is emphasized.Advice about new rural house design and sustainable development of rural earth houses is put forward.