健康城市视角下国外可持续城市形态研究述评

为了缓解城市问题,实现城市经济、社会、环境的可持续发展,可持续城市形态自可持续发展理念提出以来备受国外学者的关注,因此梳理国外研究成果对我国健康城市建设和城市转型发展具有重要意义。基于健康城市视角,本文梳理了国外学者对理想城市形态的探索成果,试图回答可持续发展与城市形态的关系、什么是可持续城市形态以及如何实现城市形态的可持续发展等三个关键逻辑问题。文章分析了可持续发展与城市形态两者在经济、社会、环境三个维度的关系,从概念和特征角度回答了什么是可持续城市形态,又分别从设计模式、研究层面、量化评估方法和技术、模型和政策角度回答了如何实现可持续城市形态。在分析我国可持续城市形态研究现状的基础上,指出国外研究成果在设计关键原则、研究技术方法、重视空间规划和环境规划方面对我国研究的可参考借鉴性。

Review of Foreign Studies on Sustainable Urban Form from the Perspective of Healthy Cities

With the concept of sustainable development being proposed, the sustainable urban form has increasingly attracted attentions among foreign scholars to deal with urban problems and to sustain the development of urban economy, society and environment. Foreign research results have great significance in the construction of Chinese healthy cities and their transformation developments. From the perspective of healthy cities, this paper sorts out foreign scholars’ research findings on the ideal urban form, which tries to answer the three key logic questions including what the relationship between sustainable development and urban form is, what the sustainable urban form is and how to achieve it. This paper demonstrates the relationship between sustainable development and urban form from economic, social, environmental dimensions;it answers what is a sustainable urban form based on its concept and characteristics then it also explores how to achieve a sustainable one by studying design form patterns, research dimensions, quantitative evaluation methods, the model technology and the implementation of policies. After evaluating current researches on sustainable urban from in China, this paper finally points out the importance of previous foreign work in guiding Chinese research in design principles, research techniques and methods, emphasis on spatial planning and environmental planning.