The prevention of alcoholic fatty liver using dietary supplements: Dihydroxyacetone,pyruvate and riboflavin compared to arachidonic acid in pair-fed rats |
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Authors: | S C Goheen E E Pearson E C Larkin G A Rao |
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Affiliation: | (1) Hematology Research Laboratory, Veterans Administration Medical Center, 94553 Martinez, CA |
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Abstract: | Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed for 30 days a high-fat liquid ethanol diet with dihydroxyacetone, pyruvate and riboflavin
added as supplements (AMA-). Plasma triglyceride (TG) levels were 6-fold greater in these rats than in those fed and alcohol
with without the supplements (AA-). The liver TG content in rats fed the AMA-diet was similar to that of rats fed a control
diet (CA-) in which alcohol was replaced with isocaloric amounts of dextrose. Livers of rats fed the AA- diet had 3 times
more TG than controls. Alcohol ingestion also enhanced the hepatic content of cholesteryl esters (CE) and phospholipids (PL).
These lipids were reduced to levels found in livers of rats fed the control diet (CA-) when dihydroxyacetone, pyruvate and
riboflavin were included in the alcohol diet. The fatty acid compositions of TG, CE and PL from livers of rats fed the AMA-diet
were similar to those of corresponding lipids from rats fed the control diet (CA-) but differed from compositions when fed
the alcohol diet (AA-). Regardless of the diet fed, TG had the same fatty acid composition in plasma and liver. The same was
true of PL fatty acid composition. However, the fatty acid composition of CE differed between liver and plasma. The major
fatty acid in liver CE was 18∶1 whereas in plasma it was arachidonic acid (20∶4). Reduced fatty liver was observed in an earlier
study when rats were fed ad libitum an ethanol diet containing 20∶4. In the present study, we pair-fed the same diet and fatty
liver was not reduced. Dihydroxyacetone, pyruvate and riboflavin did not prevent alcohol-induced fatty liver when 20∶4 was
included in the AMA-diet. Our results confirm that dietary dihydroxyacetone, pyruvate and riboflavin prevent alcohol-induced
fatty liver, and show that this effect may result from increased mobilization of fat from liver. |
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