加工硬化对1.14C-12.72Mn钢铁路辙叉表面剥落的影响

高锰钢1．14C-12．72Mn铁路辙叉有良好的加工硬化特性，但使用时常因心轨表面龟裂剥落而提前失效。从辙叉断面的分析表明，辙叉表面剥落为腐蚀疲劳失效所致，表面组织中所有的Al2O3和铝酸钙等夹杂物，加工硬化后表面高硬度和产生的致密滑移带降低了高锰钢的耐腐蚀疲劳性能，同时随高锰钢在使用过程表面硬度大幅度提高，使钢的韧性和塑性明显下降，导致辙叉表面剥落。提高钢的洁净度，加入Ni，Cu等耐腐蚀元素和进行微合金化提高钢的抗断裂韧性是防止辙叉表面剥落的主要措施。

Influence of Work Hardening on Railway Frog Surface Spalling of 1.14C-12.72Mn High Manganese Steel

The railway frog made of 1.14C-12.72Mn high manganese steel has excellent work- hardening behavior, but it often fails ahead of expected using life because of nose rail spalling during service. It showed by analysis on fracture of railway frog that corrosion- fatigue failure led to surface spalling of frog, and the corrosion- fatigue resistance decreased due to the inclusions of Al 2O 3 and Calcium aluminate existed in surface structure and with work hardening the surface high hardness and formed thick and dense slip line band, and with the surface hardness of high manganese steel increased by big margin, the toughness and plasticity of steel obviously decreased led to frog surface spalling. Increasing cleanliness of steel, adding anti- corrosion element Ni and Cu and microalloying of steel are main measures to prevent frog surface spalling.