新疆苏巴什佛寺遗址铜器的初步科技分析

新疆库车地区的苏巴什佛寺是中国古代丝绸之路上的重要交通节点,通过该遗址发现的遗物研究,对了解当时龟兹地区文化和与周边物质交流都有重要的意义。以该佛寺遗址最新发现的一批铜器为研究对象,根据铜器形制可分为兵器、饰品、生活实用器等种类,然后利用X射线荧光光谱仪对这批样品进行了成分无损检测。结果显示,铜器材质有铅锡青铜、红铜、黄铜为主的多种类别。结合历史文献和考古资料分析,这批铜器中的黄铜器物中的佛教饰品来自佛教文化传播,其余生活用具随内地贸易带入;含有砷、锑元素种类的器物可能来源于新疆本地的贸易交流;红铜、青铜类器物可能为本地生产。综合分析说明当时的苏巴什佛寺地区不仅本身有着金属冶炼的水平,而且作为唐代丝绸之路上的重要一站与周边文化交流和物质交换频繁。

Preliminary Technical Analysis of Copper Wares in Subhash Buddhist Temple Site

Subhash Buddhist temple in Kuche, Xinjiang, is an important site on the Silk Road in ancient China. The study of relics at this site is of great significance to understanding region culture and communication with surroundings. A batch of copper wares lately discovered at the site can be divided into weapons, ornaments and living appliances according to shape, and X ray fluorescence spectrometer is used to analyze their chemical composition. The results show that copper wares are of various types including lead tin bronze, red copper and brass. With historical and archaeological resources analysis, the Buddhist ornaments of brass are from Buddhist culture transmission, and living appliances are brought into through trading with central plains dynasty. The wares bearing arsenic and antimony elements may come from local trade in Xinjiang, and the red copper and bronze wares may be produced locally. The comprehensive analysis shows that Subhash Buddhist temple area at that time not only had its own metal manufacture, but also served as an important role for frequent exchange culture and material with surroundings along Silk Road during Tang Dynasty.