基于整数尺法角度的佛光寺东大殿营造用尺复原研究

整数尺法是东亚早期的一种木结构建筑设计方法，根据张十庆的研究，这种方法也适用于现存规模最大、保存最为完好的唐代遗构佛光寺东大殿，其复原唐尺约为29.6 cm。本文从整数尺法的角度对佛光寺东大殿20 08年的实测数据继续进行分析研究，结果表明这栋建筑当初可能曾以1唐尺=31.46cm的营造尺尺长进行设计和施工，同时还可能存在一个1/3唐尺的尺度模数。另外，又因此唐尺尺长作用下本建筑材广刚好为1唐尺，故本文所推测的设计方案在满足整数尺法的同时，也是“材分制”设计方法作用结果的重要例证。文章还深入挖掘了佛光寺东大殿的建筑技术细节，对认识整数尺法和材分制的古代建筑设计方法和丰富唐代尺度史研究有一定的意义。

Reconstructive Study on Length of Carpentery Ruler of a Timber Structure of Chinese Tang DynastyNamed Main Hall of Foguangsi Temple from Perspective of Traditional Architecture Design MethodNamed Integer Scale Method

The integer scale method (Zhengshu Chifa in Chinese and Kansu Hashiraken Sei inJapanese) is a traditional architecture design method of traditional timber structure in the earlyperiod of East Asia. According to Shiqing Zhang, this method have been used in the existingbiggiest timber structure remain of Chinese Tang Dynasty the main hall of the Fogongsi Templeand according to his research the restored length of the carpentry ruler of this building is about29.6 cm long. This study analyzes the real measurements in the report of 2008 on this buildingfrom the perspective of the integer scale method and realizes that this building should have beendesigned and constructed with the carpentry ruler of the length of 31.46 cm, while there shouldhave been another modulus of one third foot (a length unit in Tang Dynasty, also named Tangchiin Chinese) long. Further just because the height of Cai in this building is just about one Tangchilong the design scheme speculated by the authors be the result of both the Integer Scale Methodand Caifen System. This study has penetrated into the details of technology of this building andis meaningful in both the understanding on the integer scale method and the research on thehistory of the scale in Chinese Tang Dynasty.