不同产地元宝枫种仁油脂含量及脂肪酸成分研究

元宝枫是我国特有的木本油料作物,种仁油脂含量丰富。为了探明元宝枫种仁油脂及脂肪酸含量在不同生长环境间的变化,促进元宝枫油用资源的开发,实验采用了索氏提取法及GC-MS分析法测定了9个产地天然元宝枫的种仁含油量、脂肪酸组分及含量,并分析成分间的差异性及相关性。结果表明9个产地元宝枫种仁平均含油量达到了43.30%,含量范围为18.87%～52. 23%。种仁油共鉴定出13种脂肪酸组分,其中亚油酸含量为最高,达到32. 28%,其次为油酸,平均含量为25. 36%,功能性成分神经酸的平均含量为5.25%,油脂中不饱和脂肪酸比例在87.05%～90. 16%。油脂和脂肪酸相关性分析显示,油酸与不饱和脂肪酸显著性正相关,与油脂含量极显著性正相关,相关系数分别为0.78,0. 82,神经酸分别与不饱和脂肪酸、油脂含量弱正相关,亚油酸与油脂含量呈极显著性负相关关系。实验为元宝枫种仁油营养价值评价提供一定的指导,为元宝枫种子食用及药用价值开发提供了基础。

Study on oil content and fatty acid composition in Acer truncatum Bunge kernel from different locations

Acer truncatum Bunge is naturally distributed in north of china. It is belonging to the genus Acer, and its kernel has high oil content. Therefore the Acer truncatum Bunge is classified as a new type of woody edible oil plant resources. We used Acer truncatum Bunge of 9 different locations as test materials, and studied their oil yield and composition of fatty acid of the seeds. They were analyzed by soxhlet-extraction and GC-MS. The determination results showed that the yield of oil ranged from 18.87% to 52.23%, the average content was 43.3%. The kernel oil contained 13 kinds of fatty acids, among which the major fatty acids were oleic acid (25.36% ) and linoleic acid (32.28%). The rare composition Nervonic acid was averaged in 5.25%. The percentage of total unsaturated fatty acids in the oil varied from 87.05% to 90.16%. The oleic acid, Linolenic acid, Nervonic acid was positively correlated with the UFA and oil yild, respectively(0.78, 0.82). linoleic acid was negatively correlated with the content of oil. Over all, these results would provides some guidance for the development of edible resources of Acer truncatum Bunge and the evaluation of its nutritional value.