中国乡村类型划分研究综述

“因地制宜”进行“分类指导”是 制定乡村规划的基本原则，其前提是对“地” 的属性和村的“类”别划分进行深入研究。 文章首先通过归纳分析法，从乡村类型划分 的视角、方法、结果三个方面对我国乡村类 型划分的相关研究文献进行系统的归纳与 全面的分析，发现研究视角可分为单一视角 及复合视角两大类，划分方法可分为质性研 究方法为主及数理分析方法为主两类，研 究视角与研究结果对应模式可分为“组合矩 阵”模式、“突出特征”模式、“典型”模式 三种；其次在分析中国乡村类型划分的主要 成果和观点的基础上，认为我国在这一领域 涌现出一批实证研究成果，但仍存在一些问 题，有一定提升空间，提出应在注重乡村类型 研究、完善类型体系构建、创新划分方法技 术、加强划分结果应用四个方面得到完善和 提高。

Review of Village-Type Classifi cation in China

Adjusting measures to local conditions for classifi ed guidance is the basic principle in plan-making for villages, for which the premise is to have in-depth research into the nature of land and classification of village-type. Through analytical induction, this paper conducts systematic induction and thorough analysis of the research relevant to village-type classifi cation in China on the basis of angle, method and result, and discovers that research angle falls into two categories of mono perceptive and multi perceptive, classification can be classified into two kinds of qualitative research-centered and mathematical analysis-centered, and the corresponding model for research angle and result falls into three types of combinatorial matrix, projecting features and typical. On the basis of analysis of major fi ndings and views on villagetype classification, the paper suggests that though empirical research results in this field are rich in China, problems remain, and there is room for promotion. Then this paper proposes four ways for perfection and improvement in relation to focusing on village-type study, perfecting type-system construction, innovating classifi cation technology and strengthening classifi cation result application.