挡土墙墙后土体应力状态及土压力分布研究

为了考虑在平移模式下刚性挡土墙墙后土体主应力偏转和水平土层间的剪应力作用，对墙后滑裂土体的应力状态进行了详细分析.考虑各土层滑裂面水平倾角的变化，对水平层单元法改进，建立了逐层渐近计算法.将墙面、滑裂面的应力状态与墙后滑裂土体的水平土层的静力平衡相结合，建立了水平土层竖向应力、挡土墙土压力、合力及其作用位置的计算公式.计算结果表明，挡土墙主动土压力分布与模型试验结果基本一致；计算得到的滑裂面为一曲面，其顶宽比库仑理论滑裂面小，与试验结果相吻合.

Study on soil stress state and earth pressure distribution behind retaining wall

The stress state of sliding soil was analyzed to investigate the deflection of principle stress and the shear stress between the horizontal soil strata behind translation rigid wall. A horizontal soil slice element method was developed and a step by step calculation method was introduced to consider the variation of angle between sliding surface and horizontal plane. The formulas of the vertical earth pressure of horizontal-soil-stratum, the unit earth pressure, the resultant earth pressure and its action point on retaining wall were obtained by combining the soil stress state on wall surface and sliding surface with the static equilibrium of horizontal-soil-stratum. The calculation results of unit earth pressure on retaining wall agreed well with those of experimental results. The calculated sliding surface is curved and the top width of sliding surface is smaller than that of Coulomb result, which just agree with the experiment results.