阻燃剂与芳纶浆粕对三元乙丙橡胶性能影响的研究

以十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)、三氧化二锑和硼酸锌等作阻燃剂,以超细芳纶浆粕短纤维作耐烧蚀材料,通过共混方式制备了EPDM阻燃材料和耐烧蚀材料。研究了EPDM阻燃复合材料的阻燃性能、物理机械性能和燃烧炭化层微观结构形态。结果表明,三氧化二锑/硼酸锌/DBDPE用量分别为8份/20份/20份时,阻燃复合材料极限氧指数可达26.9%,垂直燃烧级别达到UL94—V0级;加入60份DBDPE时,极限氧指数达到36.3%;DBDPE/三氧化二锑/硼酸锌用量分别在60份/15份/20份以下时,对EPDM硫化胶拉伸性能无不利影响;三氧化二锑能明显提高DBDPE的阻燃性能;加入硼酸锌后氧指数略有提高,且明显改善抑烟效果和成炭效果;加入芳纶浆粕短纤维,对阻燃性能影响不大,但能明显改善炭化层致密性。

Effect of Flame retardant and Aramid Pulp on the properties of EPDM

The fame retardant and ablation resistant composite of EPDM was prepared by using flame retardants of decabromodiphenyl ethane（DBDPE）,antimony trioxide（Sb2O3）,zinc borate together with reinforced short ultra-fine aramid pulp fibers by melt-blended in EPDM.The flame resistance,mechanical properties and microstructure morphology of carbon layers of the composite were researched by using LOI,UL94,thermal analysis,universal testing machine and SEM.The results indicated that the LOI value of the composite was 26.9% by adding 8 phr antimony trioxide（Sb2O3）,20 phr zinc borate and 20 phr DBDPE,and the UL94 level was of V-0.The LOI value was 36.3% by adding 60 phr DBDPE.The tensile properties of EPDM vulcanizate were not affected within the amount of 60 phr DBDPE,15 phr Sb2O3 and 20 phr zinc borate,respectivly.The flame resistance of EPDM composite loading DBDPE was greatly enhanced after adding antimony trioxide（Sb2O3）,however,the LOI value was slightly increased when adding zinc borate,but the effect of smoke suppression and carbon-forming were obviously improved.The compactness of carbon layers was much good when adding aramid pulp,although the fiber had no evident influence on the flame resistance.