从薯粉发酵清液中提取柠檬酸的动力学

用上升液滴法研究了有机胺（简称Ｒ３Ｎ）萃取薯粉发酵清液中柠檬酸（Ｈ３Ａ）萃取速率，考察了有机胺＋油酸＋乙酸丁酯萃取体系（简称体系Ⅰ）和有机胺＋２００＃溶剂油＋油酸＋乙酸丁酯萃取体系（简称体系Ⅱ）的萃取动力学。结果得到萃取速率经验方程式如下。体系ⅠＲ＝ｋｆ［Ｈ３Ａ］０．５（Ｂ）［Ｒ３Ｎ］（Ｏ）［油酸］（Ｏ）体系ⅡＲ＝ｋｆ［Ｈ３Ａ］（Ｂ）［Ｒ３Ｎ］１．５（Ｏ）［２００＃溶剂油］０．５（Ｏ）［乙酸丁酯］２．０（Ｏ）两种体系萃取过程的表观活化能分别为１０．８３７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ和４０．８７９ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。

Study on Kinetics of Citric Acid Extraction with Solvent from Fermentation Aqueous Solution

The kinetics of citric acid extraction from fermentation aqueous solution by alkyl amine has been studied by means of the single drop method.The influence of various compositions of different extraction systems on the rate of extraction was inspected.The results show that the form of the equation for the extraction rate depends on the particular organic system extracted.The extraction rate equations for system Ⅰ(alkylamine+oleic acid+butylacetate)and system Ⅱ(alkylamine+oleic acid+butylacetate+solvent naphtha)may be represented respectively by R=k f 0.5 (B) (O) oleic acid] (O) ,and R=k f (B) 1.5 (O) solvent naphtha] 0.5 (O) butylacetate] 1.0 (O) It was calculated that the rate constant and the activation energy were 0.001788 and 10.837kJ/mol respectively,and the complex compound was 12H 3A·R 3N for system Ⅰ,the corresponding values for system Ⅱ were 0.002310,40.89kJ/mol,and H 3A·32R 3N .