汽车用第3代先进高强度钢的研发进展

近几十年来,汽车用先进高强度钢(AHSS-Advanced High Strength Steel)是材料的研发重点。第1代以铁素体为基的AHSS钢的强塑积为15 GPa·%,第2代以奥氏体为基的AHSS钢的强塑积为50 GPa·%,其合金含量高和生产工艺控制困难导致成本高,因此正研发第3代多相AHSS钢,通过多相、亚稳和多尺度的组织精细调控,其强塑积为30 GPa·%。第3代AHSS钢以提高第1代AHSS钢强度、塑性和降低第2代AHSS合金含量、生产成本两方面进行研发。本文介绍了超细DP(双相)钢,改进型TRIP(相变诱发塑性)钢,淬火-碳分配(Q&P)钢,超细晶贝氏体钢,超快加热和冷却的贝氏体-铁素体-马氏体钢,高锰铁索体-奥氏体钢和中锰亚稳奥氏体-超细晶基体钢等第3代AHSS钢的研究进展。

Progress on Research and Development of 3rd Generation of Advanced High-Strength Steel for Car

In recent decades, advanced high strength steel (AHSS) for car is focal point of research and development work for materials. Strength -elongation product of 1st generation AHSS steel with ferrite matrix is 15 GPa ? % , and the strength -elongation product of 2nd generation AHSS steel with austenite matrix is 50 GPa , % , its higher alloy content and harder control of process lead to high production cost, therefore the 3rd generation AHSS steel with multi-phase is developed by multi-phase, metastable and multi-size structure fine control to get strength-elongation product 30 GPa . % . The research and development of 3rd generation AHSS steel is carried out by both field of increasing 1 st generation AHSS steel strength and elongation and decreasing 2nd generation AHSS steel alloy content and production cost. The progress of research and development of 3rd generation AHSS steel is presented in this article including extra-fine DP (dual phase) steel, modified TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) steel, Quenching & Partitioning (Q&P) steel, ultra-fine grain bainite steel, rapid heating and cooling bainite-ferrite-martensite steel, high manganese ferrite-austenite steel and medium manganese metastable austenite-ultra-fine grain matrix steel.