尖山露天转地下开采围岩变形规律相似模拟实验研究

攀钢尖山采场露天转地下采用无底柱分段崩落法开采,结合现场工程地质,以相似材料模拟为主要研究手段,对尖山采场1000 m之上的4个阶段采场进行模拟,对开采过程中围岩的移动破坏范围进行研究,实验得出的主要结果如下:露天开采与地下开采两种开采方式对围岩影响的不同,造成两侧围岩,特别是边坡部分的应力分布较为复杂,其外在表现形式之一为转地下开采前后围岩的变形速度不同;随着回采深度的增加,围岩的变形量逐渐增大,变形区域逐渐扩展,向两侧和深部传递;受断层的影响左侧围岩对开挖的反应比右侧围岩敏感,位移移动和破坏变化比右侧大,断层处围岩的稳固性比周围围岩稳固性差,断层面的存在对变形的传递有阻断作用;覆盖层对于控制两侧围岩的变形具有很大的作用。

Research on Similarity Simulation Experiment of Rock Deformation Law in Open-pit to Underground Mining of Jianshan Iron Mine

This article is a study of similar material simulation experiment on the sublevel caving method of open-pit to underground mining,which is based on field engineering geology of the Panzhihua Jianshan iron mine.The experiment simulates the four stages above 1000 m in the Jianshan stope,in the purpose of studying the movement or failure range of the surrounding rock in the process of mining.The main results deriving from the experiment are as follows.The open-pit mining and underground mining methods get two different affects to the surrounding rock,resulting in both sides of the rock,especially the slope parting,get a more complex stress distribution,with one of external expressive forms as the different deformation rate of underground mining before and after.As the mining depth increasing,the deformation of surrounding rock increases,and the deformation zone gradually extended to both sides and deep passes.Affected by the fault,the left side rock is more sensitive to the excavation than the right,and the displacement and rupture is greater too.The rock besides the fault is less stabler than the rock in other position,the existing of the fault interrupts the spread of deformation.The overburden layer has a great effect on controling the deformation of the surrounding rock of both sides.