阻燃型PETMF/WPU复合材料的制备与性能研究

用聚酯/碱溶性聚酯（PET/COPET）海岛纤维无纺布含浸含磷自阻燃的水性聚氨酯（WPU）浆料，通过干法凝固、碱减量和后整理等工艺制备阻燃型聚酯超细纤维/水性聚氨酯（PETMF/WPU）复合材料。分析并探讨不同固含量含磷自阻燃的WPU浆料对PETMF/WPU复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。采用锥形量热仪、极限氧指数和垂直燃烧对其阻燃性能进行表征；采用电子扫描显微镜对其微观结构进行表征；采用TGA对其热稳定性进行表征。结果表明：当固含量达到35wt%时，PETMF/WPU复合材料的LOI值达到31.7%，垂直燃烧达到V-0级，在燃烧过程中能够自熄且无熔滴产生，力学性能仍能满足行业标准，使用含磷自阻燃原料减少了燃烧过程中有害气体的释放。

Preparation and Properties of Flame Retardant PETMF/WPU Composites

Flame-retardant polyester microfiber/water-based polyurethane (PETMF/WPU) composites were prepared by dry solidification, alkali dewatering and post-finishing of sea island fiber nonwoven polyester (PET/COPET) with self-flame retardant water-based polyurethane (WPU) slurry containing impregnated phosphorus. The effects of self-flame retardant WPU slurry with different solid content of phosphorus on the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of PETMF/WPU composites were analyzed and discussed. The flame retardant properties were characterized by cone calorimeter, limiting oxygen index and vertical combustion. The microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscope. The thermal stability was characterized by TGA. The results show that when the solid content reaches 35wt%, the LOI value of PETMF/WPU composite reaches 31.7%, and the vertical combustion reaches V-0 grade. The composite can self-extinguishing and has no droplet generation in the combustion process, and its mechanical properties still meet the industry standard. The use of self-flame retardant materials containing phosphorus can reduce the release of harmful gases in the combustion process.