In situ,atomic scale observation of electrode topography and reactions

The topographical changes occurring on a Au(111) electrode during simple electrochemical reactions have been followed with an STM capable of operating in situ, i.e. in the electrochemical environment, and of yielding atomic scale resolution. Changes in the surface structure induced by adsorption and desorption of Cl^? ions could be observed and the effects of subjecting the sample to an oxidation-reduction cycle could be monitored.