领域驱动设计模式的收益与挑战:系统综述

背景：近年来，领域驱动设计（domain driven design，简称DDD）作为一种软件设计方法在业界中逐渐流行起来，并形成了若干应用的固有范式，即领域驱动设计模式（domain driven design pattern，简称DDDP）.然而，目前软件开发社区却仍然对DDDP在软件项目中的作用缺少较为全面的了解.目的：旨在揭示DDDP的应用情况，即哪些DDDP被应用到了软件开发中，以及其所带来的收益、挑战及相应的缓解挑战方法.方法：应用系统化文献综述方法，对2003年~2019年7月之间发表的相关文献进行了识别、筛选、汇总和分析.结果：通过结合手动检索、自动检索和滚雪球等过程，覆盖了1 884篇相关文献，经过筛选，最终得到26篇高质量文献，对应26个独立的研究.总结了基础研究中DDDP的应用概况，即已经被应用到软件开发中的DDDP以及应用DDDP所获得的11项收益、17个挑战以及相应的缓解挑战方法.结论：因为对领域知识非常重视，领域驱动设计能够帮助实践者更好地进行软件设计，但在具体应用领域驱动设计模式时却存在着诸多挑战.虽然目前存在一些缓解方法能够在一定程度上应对挑战，但是仍然存在很多不足.通过系统文献综述，填补了学术界在这一领域的空白.考虑到DDDP的实践价值与当前理论成熟度的不匹配，未来工业界和学术界应该给予该领域更多关注.

Benefits and Challenges of Domian Driven Design Patterns: Systematic Review

In recent years, domain driven design (DDD), as a software design method, has gradually become popular in the industry and formed several inherent paradigms of application, namely domain driven design pattern (DDDP). However, the software development community still lacks a comprehensive understanding of the role of DDDP in software projects. Objective:This study aims to reveal the application status of DDDP, including which DDDP is applied to software development, the benefits, challenges, and mitigation methods for challenges. Methods:In our study, a systematic literature review is performed to identify, screen, summarize and analyze the relevant literature published between 2003 and July 2019. Results:Through the combination of manual retrieval, automatic retrieval and snowballing, this paper covered 1 884 relevant literatures, and after screening, 26 high-quality literatures were finally obtained, corresponding to 26 independent studies. This study summarized theoverview of DDDP in the primarystudies, including the 11 benefits, 17 challenges and the mitigation methods of challenges for the DDDP which applied in software development. Conclusion:DDD can help practitioners design software better since its prominent emphasis on domain knowledge, but there are still some challenges when applying DDD patterns. While these mitigation methods may tacklethe challenges to a certain extent, there are also some deficiencies remained. This study fills in the knowledge gaps in this field through SLR. Considering the mismatch between the practical value of DDDP and the current theoretical maturity, the industry and academia should pay more attention to this field in the future.