三代核电气、液态流出物计算及在内陆厂址条件下环境影响优化

内陆核电是我国将来核电发展的一个重要选择,与滨海厂址相比内陆厂址的环境条件有着自己的特点。本文介绍了以华龙一号和AP1000为代表的三代核电气、液态流出物的计算流程和典型计算结果,阐述了流出物环境影响的分析过程,对比分析了内陆核电厂址和滨海核电厂址在大气扩散条件和受纳水体条件的差异和法规标准的不同要求,总结了现行法规和国家标准对内陆厂址气、液态流出物的特殊监管要求。在此基础上,基于合理可行尽可能低的原则,从工艺设备、排放策略、排放方案等方面提出了三代核电在内陆厂址条件下减少气、液态流出物排放总量、降低环境影响和适应缺少受纳水体厂址的方法。

Calculation of radioactive effluents source terms from third generation NPP and the environmental impact optimization under the condition of inland plant site

Inland nuclear power is an important choice for the future development of nuclear power in China. Compared with the coastal plant site, the environmental conditions of inland plant site have their own characteristics. In this paper the radioactive effluents source terms calculation and results from third generation NPP such as HPR1000 and AP1000 are introduced, and analysis process of environmental impact of radioactive effluents is described. The differences of atmospheric diffusion conditions and receiving water conditions between inland and coastal nuclear power plants, as well as the requirements of regulations and national standards, are compared and analyzed. Based on the ALARA principle, the methods of reducing the total amount of radioactive effluents and its environmental impact, and the method to adapt to the site lack of receiving water are proposed.