稀土元素Y对粉末冶金2A12铝合金组织和力学性能的影响

在铝合金粉末中添加质量分数为0、0.2%、0.4%及0.6%的稀土元素Y, 利用粉末冶金法制备2A12铝合金。通过金相组织观察、X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微形貌表征、能谱分析及力学性能测试等手段, 研究了稀土元素Y对粉末冶金2A12铝合金组织和性能的影响, 总结了Y在铝合金中的分布特征。结果表明, 当稀土元素Y的质量分数为0.2%时, 2A12铝合金抗拉强度最高, 塑性最好; 添加Y可以抑制铝合金晶粒在烧结过程中的长大; 稀土元素Y主要以YAl相、Cu₂Y相和YAl₂相的形式分布在基体晶界处, 少量Y固溶在铝基体中。

Effects of rare earth element Y on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2A12 aluminum alloy prepared by powder metallurgy method

The 2A12 aluminum alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy technology with the addition of rare earth element Y in the mass fraction of 0, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% in this study. The effects of Y addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2A12 aluminum alloy were investigated by the metallographic analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrum analysis, and mechanical properties tests, and the distribution characteristics of Y in aluminum alloy were studied. The results show that, when the mass fraction of rare earth element Y is 0.2%, the 2A12 alloys achieve the highest tensile strength and the best plasticity. The Y addition can inhibit the grain growth of aluminum alloy during sintering. In addition, most of Y is distributed in the grain boundary of aluminium matrix as YAl, Cu2Y, and YAl2, and a small part of Y is dissolved into the aluminum matrix.