棉织物的活性染料低含水率焙蒸固色工艺

针对棉织物传统轧烘轧蒸染色工艺存在的能耗高、活性染料易水解、废水含盐量高和排放量大等问题,提出了利用密封装置固色的棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色工艺。通过测定密封装置中织物表面温度的变化曲线,探讨含水率对织物升温以及织物染色性能的影响,研究棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色理论。探究焙蒸温度、焙蒸时间、代用碱和Na₂SO₄质量浓度对棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色的影响,并且对低含水率焙蒸固色工艺与轧烘轧蒸工艺染色织物的染色效果进行了比较。结果表明:染料用量相同时,经低含水率焙蒸固色工艺染色织物的K/S值均比经轧烘轧蒸工艺染色织物的K/S值高,采用这2种工艺染色的织物耐摩擦色牢度相差较小,这为提升棉织物轧染工艺的染色性能提供了新方法。

Low-moisture content baking and steaming color fixation process for cotton fabrics padded with reactive dyes

To solve the problems of high energy consumption, hydrolysis of reactive dyes, high salinity and high discharge of wastewater in the conventional pad-dry-pad-steam process of cotton fabrics, a low-moisture content baking and steaming color fixation process for cotton fabrics was proposed using a sealed device. The changes of the fabric surface temperature in the sealing device were investigated,and the effects of moisture content on fabric heating and dyeing performance were discussed for theoretical analysis of low-moisture content baking and steaming color fixation for cotton fabrics. To determine the optimal technique, the effects of cotton fabrics baking and steaming temperature and time, and concentrations of substitute alkali and Na₂SO₄ were explored. Compared with the pad-dry-pad-steam process, the K/S value of the fabric dyed by low-moisture content baking and steaming color fixation process demonstrated an improvement. However, the rubbing fastness of cotton fabrics by the two processes was similar. Incorporating the sealing device in the pad-dye process offers a new method for improving reactive dye properties of cotton fabrics.