合成纤维纺织品家庭洗涤释放纤维微塑料研究进展

为减少环境中的纤维微塑料污染,针对合成纤维纺织品家庭洗涤释放纤维微塑料这一主要来源,对国内外相关研究进展进行综述。阐述了纤维微塑料由于尺寸小和比表面积大等特性会对生态系统产生物理影响、化学影响和生物影响,从而产生生态毒性并对人体健康产生潜在风险。从3个方面归纳了合成纤维纺织品家庭洗涤释放纤维微塑料的影响因素,包括纺织品特性、洗涤条件和洗涤剂,并从源头控制和拦截及去除措施方面探讨了微塑料减排的可能途径。最后指出:纤维微塑料测试条件与定量方法的标准化,合成纤维纺织品家庭洗涤释放纤维微塑料的潜在机制以及微塑料拦截及去除技术是未来的重点研究方向。

Research progress on fibrous microplastic released from synthetic textiles during domestic laundry

In order to reduce the pollution of microplastics in the environment, global research progress in research on fibrous microplastic released from domestic laundry of synthetic textiles and main sources of microplastics were reviewed. This paper overviewed the physical, chemical and biological effects of microplastics on the ecosystem due to their small particle size and large specific surface areas, which causes eco-toxicity and potential risks to human health. The factors affecting the release of fibrous microplastic during domestic laundry of synthetic textiles were summarized into three aspects, i.e. textile characteristics, washing conditions and detergents. Possible mitigation strategies for microplastics were discussed from the perspectives of source control and interception treatment measures. It is pointed out that the standardization of testing and quantification methods, underlying mechanism of microfibers released from synthetic textiles during domestic laundry, and innovative interception and removal technology are the key research directions in the future.