电机车轮轨黏着摩擦特性研究

矿用电机车在井下的使用中，机车轨道往往受到水分、煤泥等因素的影响，黏着系数大大降低．本文在实验室建立了电机车的模拟实验台，分别在干燥、水分、煤泥、撒砂等工况下，在不同电动机转速下对轮轨间的临界黏着系数进行研究，并对车轮“打滑”状态时的车轮实际转速进行了测量．实验结果表明，临界黏着系数从大到小的工况顺序为：撒砂、干燥、水分和煤泥状态，而且其大小基本和电动机转速无关．车轮和轨道之间的相对滑动速度，煤泥状态时速度最大，其次为有水分状态、黄砂状态，干燥状态最小．现场实验中也得到了类似结果．

Research on Adhesion and Frictional Characteristic between Rail and Electrical Locomotive's Wheels

For the locomotive under the mine application, the adhesion coefficient reduces greatly due to water or coal mud on the surface of rail. With the test stand set up in laboratory to simulate locomotive, the experiments on critical adhesion coefficient are done with varied current frequency in different operating modes, such as dry surface, water, coal mud and sand mode, and the factual rotate speeds of wheels are measured when the test stand skid. The result of experiments shows that the operating mode with maximum critical adhesion coefficient is sand mode, followed by dry mode, water, and coal mud mode and the rotate speed has little effect on the coefficient. The similar results were obtained in site test.