| 摘 要： | The purpose of the present theme paper is to consider how approaches to urban development have evolved over time, and most recently with the advent of the above-mentioned international concern for urban poverty reduction.Specifically, how local actors, including governments at all levels, non-governmental organizations, professionals and people living and working in slums, have attempted to improve cities and urban centres in ways that are favourable to the urban poor. For ease of analysis, the paper considers two elements of urban development-urban management and shelter strategies. Chapter one begins with a review of the evolution of urban planning and management approaches, from master plans to pro-poor urban governance. Chapter two examines the evolution of shelter strategies, from direct government supply to an emphasis on security of tenure for the poor.Some of the key lessons learned from both approaches are summarized in chapter three. Examples of current innovations in approaches to urban poverty reduction are described in chapter four, looking at contributions at the local, national and international levels.
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