基于显式有限元的轨道车辆撞击能量吸收研究

吸能装置是提高轨道车辆耐碰撞性能的关键部件.将金属切削加工技术应用到轨道车辆的被动安全防护上,提出利用切屑的生成过程吸收列车的撞击能量,作为新型吸能装置的吸能原理.建立了金属薄壁结构切削吸能过程的三维显式有限元模型,分析了刀具的前角对薄壁结构切削吸能性能的影响,并与金属薄壁结构的压缩吸能进行了比较.结果表明,金属切削吸能过程是理想的轨道车辆撞击能量吸收过程.

Researching on Impact Energy Absorption Principle of Rail Vehicles Based on the Explicit Finite Element

Energy-absorbing device is the key component to improve the crashworthiness of the rail vehicles.This paper introduces metal cutting technology into the field of passive safety protection of rail vehicles,and proposes the use of chip generation process to absorb the impact energy of the train,and this process is to treat as the energy-absorbing principle of new energy-absorbing device.The three-dimensional simulation for the energy-absorbing process in metal-cutting way of metal thin-walled structure is carried out with explicit finite element,the inflience of tool rake angle on the absorption characteristics of thin-walled structures is analyzed,and energy-absorbing process of metal thin-walled structure in metal-cutting way is compared with the compression.The results show that: the energy-absorbing process in metal-cutting way is a very ideal impact energy absorption principle of rail vehicles.