陕西洛川富士鲜苹果品质综合评价及分级体系的构建

建立鲜苹果品质综合评价标准及分级标准，构建鲜苹果品质的综合评价及分级体系，为鲜苹果品质在线无损检测提供技术支撑。以陕西洛川富士苹果为材料，利用SPSS 19.0软件通过因子分析对鲜苹果13 项品质指标进行筛选，利用概率分布和层次分析分别进行品质评价指标的分级及指标权重的确定，再通过K-均值聚类分析和判别分析建立苹果品质判别函数模型。本实验筛选出陕西洛川富士鲜苹果的7 项主要品质指标：单果质量、果形指数、色泽a*值、可溶性固形物含量、硬度、VC含量、糖酸比，建立了主要品质指标的分级标准和评分标准，得到对鲜苹果品质综合评价的5 个判别函数，建模样本和检验样本的判别正确率分别达95.65%和91.67%。

Construction of Comprehensive Quality Evaluation and Grading System for Fresh Fuji Apple in Luochuan,Shaanxi

The objective of this study was to establish a comprehensive grading system for the quality evaluation of fresh
apple by online non-destructive testing. Factor analysis using SPSS 19.0 software was conducted to select the primary
indicators from 13 quality indicators of fresh Fuji apple from Luochuan, Shaanxi. Probability distribution and analytical
hierarchy process (AHP) were used respectively to grade the quality indicators and determine their weights. By employing
K-means clustering and discriminant analysis, the discriminant model of apple quality was established. The results showed
that the seven key quality indicators of fresh Fuji apple were single fruit weight, fruit shape index, color and lustre, soluble
solids, hardness, vitamin C and sugar/acid ratio. This study has established quality grading and evaluation standards, and
the five discirminant functions developed in this study could be applied to discriminate the quality of fresh apple with an
accuracy of 95.65% and 91.67% using modeling and test samples, respectively. This study can provide a scientific basis to
establish comprehensive assessment and grading standards for fresh apple quality, and also can offer technical support for
integrated on-line quality detection.