藻类快速检测新技术在三峡水华监测中的应用

近年来，三峡水库藻类水华频发，而传统的藻类检测方法由于分类鉴定工作量大，难以适应野外大批量样品快速准确分析的要求，因此，开展水华的快速监测和鉴定工作迫在眉睫。在藻类形态特征识别与快速定量检测方面，流式细胞摄像系统(FlowCAM)是目前先进可靠的方法。采用流式细胞摄像系统技术对三峡水库水华藻类样品建立了藻类特征的自动鉴定标准，进行藻类快速检测分析，并与显微镜人工检测方法进行对比研究。结果表明：三峡库区各支流采样点鉴定出的优势藻类为4~10种；小江黄石、小江河口、大宁河和梅溪河采样点优势种依次为飞燕角甲藻、微囊藻、拟多甲藻和颗粒直链藻，检测结果和显微镜方法检测结果一致；FlowCAM可在15 min内快速完成藻类鉴定分析，测量精度高，有传统检测方法不可比拟的优势。总之，FlowCAM为水华藻类的快速检测提供了一个行之有效的方法。

Application of a new technology for quick algae detection in water bloom monitoring of Three Gorges Reservoir

Algae bloom in the Three Gorges reservoir is increasingly serious in recent years, but the conventional algae detection technology is inadequate for quick and accurate analysis on large batch of samples in field due to the large workload of classification and determination. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out research on quick monitoring and identification of water bloom. At present, the FlowCAM is an advanced and reliable method for quick and quantitative detection of the morphological characteristics of algae. In this study, the automatic identification standard for the samples of Three Gorges Reservoir is established by FlowCAM, and the quick check and identification analysis of algae is conducted. The results are compared with that obtained by artificial microscope detection. It shows that the identified dominant algae species in the branches in Three Gorges Reservoir are about 4～10 in each sample; the dominant algae species in the samples taken at Huangshi and estuary of Xiaojiang River，Daning river and Meixi river are in sequence of Ceratium hirundinella, Microcystis，Peridiniopsis and Melosira, which is conformed with the results of artificial microscope. FlowCAM can complete the check and identification in 15 minutes with high accuracy, which is superior to the conventional method, and provides an effective method for quick and effective check and identification method of water bloom.