现场大空间测量中精密三维坐标控制网的建立

全局测量与精度控制是超大空间内精密测量的基础,决定着整体测量的性能和适用性。为提高整体空间测量精度,同时解决定向及尺度问题,必须在全局空间内布设高精度测量控制网。三维坐标测量作为几何量测量的重要代表,是建立控制网最直接且约束最强的控制条件。为建立大空间精密三维坐标控制网,采用激光跟踪仪多站位对空间全局控制点进行三维坐标测量,结合奇异值分解算法完成各站位的方位定向,并利用激光跟踪仪极高精度的测距值作为约束,对跟踪仪测角误差进行优化,进一步提高坐标控制网的精度。将该控制网建立方法应用于某飞机机翼表面形貌测量,实现激光跟踪仪全局控制与终端摄影测量的高效组合,以不同若干站位下全局控制点间距离比对结果表明该控制网对现场测量精度和可靠性的提高具有良好效果。

Establishment of Precise Three-dimensional Coordinate Control Network in Field Large-space Measurement

Global measurement and precision control are the basis of precision measurement in large space,determine the applicability and performance of overall measurement.In order to improve overall spatial measurement accuracy,while solving the problem of orientation and scale,high-precision measuring control network must be laid in the global space.As an important representative of geometric measurement,three-dimensional coordinate is the most direct way and the strongest constraint in establishment of the measurement control network.In order to establish precise coordinate control network,laser tracker is used to measure three-dimensional coordinate of global points by multi-station,then orientations of all stations are figured out by singular value decomposition algorithm,and tracker angle measurement error is optimized by making the high-precision length measurement as a constraint to improve accuracy of the coordinate control network.This method is applied to shape measurement of aircraft wing surface,it can realize the combination of tracker global control and terminal photogrammetry,the result of comparing with distances between global control points in several stations is demonstrated that the control network can improve the field measuring accuracy and reliability.