电动汽车麦弗逊前悬架设计及参数优化

根据整车设计参数及悬架设计理论,设计某款电动汽车的麦弗逊前悬架。基于UG/Motion利用UG的开放接口开发相应的软件系统,实现麦弗逊前悬架运动学仿真模型的参数化设计、前轮外倾角与前束角的匹配设计和前悬架系统的运动学仿真分析;通过与ADAMS的仿真结果相对比,验证系统的正确性;将遗传优化算法与多体运动学分析方法相结合,以前轮定位参数的变化量最小和车轮侧向滑移量最小为优化目标对麦弗逊前悬架的设计参数进行优化,通过对比初始设计与优化设计的仿真结果,验证优化方法的有效性。优化分析显示,麦弗逊前悬架摆臂前后点坐标的变化,对前轮定位参数及车轮接地点滑移量随车轮跳动量的变化曲线都有影响。

Design and Parametric Optimization of McPherson Front Suspension of Electric Vehicle

Based on the whole vehicle’s design parameters and suspension design theories,the McPherson front suspension of an electric vehicle is designed.Based on UG/Motion and using the open interface of UG,a software system is developed to realize the parametric design of the McPherson suspension’s kinematics simulation models,matching design of vehicle toe-in and camber and simulation analysis of the simulation models.The software system’s correctness is verified by comparing the simulation results with ADAMS.By means of combining genetic algorithm with kinematics of multi-body system and taking the minimum variation of the front wheel alignment parameters as well as minimum lateral displacement of the tires as the optimal object,the McPherson suspension’s design parameters are optimized.The validity of the optimum method is verified by comparing the simulation results of initial design and optimum design.The optimization results show that the coordinates of the McPherson suspension swing arm’s front and rear points have effects on the changes curve of front wheel alignment parameters as well as lateral displacement of the tires to the run out of automotive wheels.