广西巴马长寿人群饮食中7种膳食纤维成分及抗氧化活性分析

目的探索广西巴马长寿人群饮食中代表性膳食纤维的作用。方法选取广西巴马长寿人群膳食中7种代表性果蔬为原料,采用水提醇沉工艺对其进行膳食纤维的提取,获得其中的水溶性膳食纤维(soluble dietary fiber, SDF)和水不溶性膳食纤维(insoluble dietary fiber, IDF)并对其组成成分、吸附能力、抗氧化效果等方面进行比较。结果 7种SDF含量、多糖含量、果胶含量、半纤维素含量最高分别是脐橙、南瓜苗、红薯叶、脐橙,分别为67.28%、63.52%、70.46 mg/g、94.23 mg/g; 7种IDF纯度、半纤维素含量、纤维素含量、木质素含量最高的分别是茶树菇、香蕉、茶树菇、空心菜,分别为70.39%、158.86mg/g、51.34mg/g、572.96mg/g。7种SDF和7种IDF中持水力、膨胀力、持油力最大的分别是茶树菇SDF、脐橙SDF、香蕉SDF,依次为14.23 g/g、9.29 mL/g、5.18 g/g;清除DPPH能力最强的是南瓜苗SDF,清除率为73.34%; NO_2~-、胆固醇吸附能力最强的分别是脐橙SDF、茶树菇SDF,依次为17.23、15.99μmol/mg。结论广西巴马长寿人群膳食中7种SDF及7种IDF的灰分及蛋白等杂质含量较低,具有清除胆固醇、NO_2~-、DPPH的作用。

Determination of 7 dietary fiber components and antioxidant effects in diet of Guangxi Bama longevity population

Objective To explore the role of dietary fiber in the diet of long-lived people in Bama, Guangxi. Methods Guangxi longevity diet 7 representative fruits were selected as raw materials, water extraction alcohol sinking process was adopted for the extraction of dietary fiber, to obtain the water-soluble dietary fiber (soluble dietary fiber, SDF) and water insoluble dietary fiber (insoluble dietary fiber, IDF), and the composition, adsorption capacity and antioxidant effect were compared. Results The highest SDF content, polysaccharide content, pectin content and hemicellulose content were navel orange, pumpkin seedling, sweet potato leaf and navel orange, which were 67.28%, 63.52%, 70.46 mg/g and 94.23 mg/g, respectively. The 7IDFs with the highest purity, hemicellulose content, cellulose content and lignin content were tea mushroom, banana, tea mushroom and water cabbage, which were 70.39%, 158.86 mg/g, 51.34 mg/g and 572.96 mg/g, respectively. Among the 7 SDF and 7 IDFs, the largest hydraulic, expansive and oil holding forces were tea mushroom SDF, navel orange SDF and banana SDF, which were 14.23 g/g, 9.29 mL/g and 5.18 g/g, respectively. The strongest DPPH scavenging ability was pumpkin seedling SDF, with a scavenging rate of 73.34%. The adsorption capacities of NO2- and cholesterol were 17.23 mol/mg for navel orange and 15.99 mol/mg for tea tree mushroom respectively. Conclusion The content of ash, protein and other impurities of 7 SDF and 7 IDF in the diet of long-lived people in Bhama, Guangxi is relatively low, which has the effect of removing cholesterol, NO2- and DPPH.