九华黄精9蒸9晒加工过程中重金属含量的变化及安全性

目的探究9蒸9晒炮制不同加工阶段九华黄精中重金属和有害元素的含量变化。方法根据国家标准GB 5009.3-2016《食品安全国家标准食品中水分的测定》、GB 5009.268-2016《食品安全国家标准食品中多元素的测定》和GB5009.17-2014《食品安全国家标准食品中总汞及有机汞的测定》,检测不同蒸晒阶段的九华黄精的水分和铅、砷、汞、镉、铜、铬、锰、钼8种元素的含量并进行比较分析。结果九华黄精中汞和钼未检出,9蒸9晒炮制过程中,随着蒸晒次数的增加,重金属和有害元素的浓度被相应增加,但铅、砷、镉3种重金属的浓度却是在5蒸5晒时达到最高,随后又下降。九华黄精中重金属含量低于《中国药典》(2020)和《代用茶》标准中规定限量,但铅含量高于新鲜蔬菜和蔬菜制品限量。结论九华黄精用作中药材及生产代用茶时,其重金属和有害元素的含量是在安全范围内,但不宜作为菜肴烹调原料。

Changes and safety of heavy metals content in Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in Jiuhua mountain during nine times steamed and sun-bathed processing

Objective To explore the content changes of heavy metals and harmful elements in Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in Jiuhua mountain during nine times steamed and sun-bathed processing. Methods According to GB 5009.3?2016 National food safety standards-Determination of water in food, GB 5009.268?2016 National food safety standards-Determination of multiple elements in food and GB 5009.17?2014 National food safety standards Determination of total and organic mercury in food, the moisture contents and the contents of lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, copper, chromium, manganese and molybdenum of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in Jiuhua mountainin different processing stages were detected and compared. Results The mercury and molybdenum were not detected in Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in Jiuhua Mountain. During the processing of nine times steamed and sun-bathedfor processing, the concentration of heavy metals and harmful elements increased with the increase of times of steaming and drying. However, the concentrations of lead, arsenic and cadmium reached their highest levels when they were steamed and exposed to the sun for 5 d, and then decreased again. The content of heavy metals in Polygonatum sibricum Jiuhua was lower than the limits specified in the Chinese pharmacopoeia (2020) and substitute tea safety standards, but the content of lead was higher than the limits of fresh vegetables and vegetable products. Conclusion The content of heavy metals and harmful elements in Polygonatum sibricum Hua in Jiuhua mountain is safe when it is used as Chinese herbal medicine and substitute tea, but it is not recommended to be used as a raw material for cooking.