河套灌区不同盐渍化土壤冬小麦优化灌溉制度研究

土壤水盐是影响干旱盐渍化地区农作物产量的重要因素,近年来内蒙古河套灌区开始推广种植冬小麦,在重点考虑不同土壤盐分状况,通过设计不同盐渍化土壤条件下冬小麦灌溉制度方案,分析田间对比试验数据成果,在此基础上利用ISAREG模型开展不同方案的优化决策研究。研究表明:考虑盐分胁迫和冻融因素条件下,ISAREG模型可以对河套灌区冬小麦进行灌溉制度优化;通过建立基于水盐胁迫的ISAREG灌溉制度模型,制定了不同盐渍化条件下考虑土壤冻融的冬小麦优化灌溉制度;优化得出河套灌区冬小麦全生育期灌水定额情况为:当土壤含水率低于适宜含水率的85%时进行灌水,通过ISAREG模型即可推导出不同含盐土壤的灌水定额与灌水日期;土壤含盐量较低的情况下冬小麦全生育期适宜灌水5次,优化灌水定额分别为66、54、79、83和83 mm,灌溉定额365 mm;中度含盐土壤冬小麦全生育期适宜灌水5次,优化的灌水定额分别为78、54、90、97和97 mm,灌溉定额为416 mm。

Research on optimized irrigation schedule of winter wheat in different saline soils in Hetao Irrigation Area

Winter wheat planting has been promoted in Hetao Irrigation Area in Inner Mongolia in recent years, and soil water and salt are important factors affecting crop yield in arid and salinized areas. In this paper, different soil salinity conditions were considered, irrigation schemes of winter wheat under different salinized soil conditions were designed, and results of field comparative tests were analyzed. On this basis, the ISAREG Model was used to carry out optimization decision research of different schemes. The results show that the ISAREG Model can better optimize the irrigation system of winter wheat in different salinized soil in Hetao Irrigation Area. By establishing ISAREG irrigation system model based on water and salt stress, the optimal irrigation system of winter wheat considering soil freezing and thawing under different salinization conditions can be formulated. In addition, it is concluded that winter wheat in Hetao Irrigation Area needs to be irrigated five times a year when the soil moisture content is lower than 85% of the suitable moisture content value, the irrigation quota and date can be deduced by ISAREG model. When the soil salt content is low, the irrigation quota each time is 66 mm, 54 mm, 79 mm, 83 mm and 83 mm, respectively, and the total irrigation quota is 365 mm. When the soil salt content is moderate, the irrigation quota each time is 78 mm, 54 mm and 90 mm, 97 mm and 97 mm, respectively, and the total irrigation quota is 416 mm.