婴幼儿谷类辅助食品加工工艺对其脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及衍生物影响

脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)是由镰刀菌在侵染小麦等禾谷类作物过程中产生的一种有毒次级代谢产物,主要污染小麦、大麦、燕麦、黑麦和玉米等谷物。DON在植物和微生物作用下会转化形成各种衍生物,且这些衍生物可与DON原型同时存在,增加了谷物及其相关制品的安全风险。谷类辅食是婴幼儿膳食中的重要组成部分,且婴幼儿对毒素的敏感性更强,应严格限制DON及其衍生物在谷类辅食中被检出。已有研究表明谷物类食品的制作加工方式会对DON及其衍生物的含量水平产生影响,但专门针对婴幼儿消费人群的谷类辅助食品的加工过程如何影响DON及其衍生物水平还鲜有报道。目前婴幼儿谷类辅助食品中DON及其衍生物含量存在超标问题,严重影响婴幼儿这类特殊人群的生长发育和健康。本文从婴幼儿谷类辅食中DON及其衍生物的污染状况及其在加工过程中的含量变化等方面进行较为详细的阐述,以期为婴幼儿谷类辅食中DON的风险评估及防控策略的制定提供有利参考。

Effect of cereal-based infant food production process on deoxynivalenol and its derivatives

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a toxic secondary metabolites primarily produced by Fusarium graminearum. It is widely distributed in cereals such as wheat, barley, oats, rye and corn. DON could be transformed into various derivatives under the action of plants and microorganisms. And these derivatives often co-exist with the DON prototype, which increases the safety risk of cereals and related products. Cereal-based baby food is an important part of the diet for infants and children that are very sensitive to the toxins, so the detection of DON and its derivatives in foods for baby should be strictly restricted. The available studies have shown that the processing operations of cereal foods would affect the level of DON and its derivatives. However, how the processing operations of cereal-based baby food affect the level of DON and its derivatives have been rarely reported. Besides, DON and its derivatives in cereal-based baby food often occur above the legally allowed limit, which seriously affects the growth and health of infants and young children. Thus, this paper reviewed the current status of contamination level of DON and its derivatives and discussed the impact of unit operations during processing of cereal-based baby food on the levels of DON and its derivatives, so as to provide beneficial reference for risk assessment and prevention and control of DON in cereal-based baby food.