5556铝合金CMT增材单道成形质量及尺寸预测模型研究

目的 研究不同参数下5556铝合金CMT增材单道成形质量及尺寸预测模型。方法 利用游标卡尺和钢直尺，对增材试样截面的余高、熔宽、成形高度及成形宽度进行测量，并且使用SPSS、Excel及Origin等软件进行尺寸预测模型的建立及验证。结果 对于单层单道增材试样，随着焊接电流从60 A增至140 A，其余高、熔宽均整体呈上升趋势，并且余高的增长速度远小于熔宽的增长速度；随着焊接速度从300 mm/min增至1 100 mm/min，其熔宽、余高均呈下降趋势，但当焊接速度超过700 mm/min时，熔宽的变化较小；随着气体流量从10L/min增至25L/min，余高的变化幅度较小，但熔宽的变化幅度较大。对于多层单道增材试样，随着焊接速度从400 mm/min变为800 mm/min，其成形高度和宽度均变小；随着焊接电流从90 A变为130 A以及层间停留时间从1 min变为5 min，其成形高度和宽度均变大。通过多层单道增材实验和尺寸预测模型可知，焊接电流与增材试样的宽度呈正相关，焊接速度与增材试样的高度和宽度皆呈负相关。结论 单层单道增材试样的熔宽主要受焊接电流的影响，而余高主要受焊接速...

Quality and Dimension Prediction Model for Single Channel Forming of 5556 Aluminum Alloy by CMT Additive

The work aims to study the CMT additive single channel forming quality and dimension prediction model for 5556 aluminum alloy under different parameters. The residual height, weld width, forming height, and forming width of the CMT additive sample section were measured by the vernier caliper and steel ruler. SPSS, Excel and Origin were used to establish and verify the dimension prediction model. With the welding current increasing from 60 A to 140 A, the overall trend of residual height and weld width of the monolayer single channel additive sample increased. The increase speed of the residual height was much smaller than that of the weld width. With the welding speed increasing from 300 mm/min to 1 100 mm/min, the weld width and residual height showed a declining trend. However, when the welding speed exceeded 700 mm/min, the change in weld width was relatively small. With the gas flow increasing from 10 L/min to 25 L/min, the change in residual height was relatively small, but the change in weld width was relatively large. With the welding speed increasing from 400 mm/min to 800 mm/min, the forming height and width of the multilayer single channel additive sample decreased. As the welding current changed from 90 A to 130 A and the interlayer residence time changed from 1 min to 5 min, the forming height and width increased. Based on the multilayer single channel additive experiment and the dimension prediction model, the welding current was positively correlated with the width of the additive sample. The welding speed was negatively correlated with the width and height of the additive sample. The weld width of the monolayer single channel additive sample is mainly affected by the welding current. The residual height is mainly affected by the welding speed. Under the experimental conditions, the parameters for the optimal forming quality of the monolayer single channel additive sample are welding current 100 A, welding speed 500 mm/min and gas flow 22.5 L/min. By comparing the forming width and forming height of multilayer single channel additive samples with the dimension prediction model under the same process parameters, it can be shown that the errors are both within 10%.