钻具失效的无损检测

钻具在钻井过程中的运动状态十分复杂,长期受拉力、压力、扭矩、振动及离心力的作用,以及钻井液的长时间腐蚀,损伤非常严重。经反复周转使用就会出现疲劳损伤、裂纹、内外壁腐蚀、麻坑、刺穿、拉伤和切痕等缺陷,这些缺陷如不及时检出,将会造成钻具在井下失效,造成经济损失。分析了钻杆失效的主要原因,介绍了钻杆整体检测所运用的几种探伤方法。对这些方法的原理及优缺点进行了分析,最后对钻杆整体探伤做了总结。

Nondestructive Testing Method of Drilling Tool Failure

In the drilling process, the motion state of drill is extremely complex. Suffering from long-standing tension, pressure, torque, vibration and centrifugal force, along with the corrosion time of drilling fluid, the damage of the drill is very serious. Through repeated usage, there are many defects will appear in the drill, such as fatigue injuries, crack, internal and external wall corrosion, pockmark, piercing, strain, and cut marks etc. If these defects were not promptly detected, failure in underground would possibly occur, resulting ingreat economic loss. The main reasons for failure of drill pipe was analyzed, and the several testing methods to detect drill pipe as a whole were also introduced. A summary of the principles, the advantages and disadvantages of final testing of the drill pipe was given.