电解制样在不锈钢金相检验中的应用

使用电解抛光仪对奥氏体不锈钢、铁素体不锈钢、马氏体不锈钢等不锈钢进行了电解制样,对各种不锈钢的电解制样参数进行了摸索,以满足不锈钢不同金相检验项目的高效快速检测,并对影响电解制样的因素、电解制样的常见缺陷及纠正方法、电解制样存在的问题及注意事项等分别进行了分析。结果表明:通过选择适当的电解参数和电解液使用电解制样方法可以获得较好的制样效果;如果电解参数或电解液选择不合理,所制备试样表面就会出现氧化膜、腐蚀坑及过腐蚀等缺陷;另电解制样还存在不能用于非金属夹杂物检验试样的制备、存在倒边以及所制试样碳化物检验级别稍高等不足;电解制样过程中还应注意要对电解液不断地进行搅拌,避免夹具浸入到电解液中,及时更新电解液等事项。

Application of Electrolyzation Sampling in Stainless Steel Metallographic Examination

The high efficient metallographic examination of austenitic, ferritic and martensitic stainless steel was explored with electro-polishing apparatus. The influencing factors, open questions, matters need attention, common deficiency and corrective measures in the preparing samples by means of electrolyzation were discussed. The results show that better electrolyzation examination can be obtained with proper electrolytic parameter and electrolyte. If the electrolytic parameter and electrolyte is not rational, defects such as oxide film, etch pits and over etching would exist on the surface of the prepared samples. However, some deficiency existed in the preparing samples by mean of electrolyzation such as reverse edge, worse inclusion and carbide examination. Besides, the electrolyte shoule be continuous stirred and refreshed in time in the course of preparing sample with electrolyzatioin.